Nail fungus - an infectious disease that affects the nails. In severe current, it goes to the skin roll and can spread to other areas. Activation of the pathogenic microorganism is possible when visiting public places while wearing tight shoes, with weakened immunity, injuries.
Regarding the onset of the development of the disease, a change in the color of the affected area, the enlargement of the nail, the British, the soreness, the peeling and the unpleasant odor show a change in the color of the affected area. The diagnosis includes bacterial particles from the affected area, histology, cultural examination, blood test. Treatment with medicines. In some cases, surgery is required.
Contrary to the opinion that the shoes of a person whose nails are affected by a fungal infection should be discarded, this is not the case.
It should be treated with a special apparatus, which, when placed inside, emits ultraviolet radiation and kills mushrooms.
In addition, it is allowed to use a 40-%solution of vinegar diluted in water. The shoes are wiped inside with the resulting composition and placed in a sealed bag for several hours.
What is nail fungus Despite the fact that onychomycosis (fungal infection of the nail) is not a danger to life-this is an important problem of public health due to the high prevalence and therapeutic difficulties associated with high recurrence and progression of chronic lesions. It has certain consequences for patients, such as discomfort and painful reactions.
Dermatitis is usually responsible for onhomycosis in moderation countries. By destroying keratin and absorbing its nutrients, they are septic forms of hyaline. The GIFS of these microal organisms penetrate the sinewy layer of the skin and nails.
Fungk cells produce keratinolytic proteases that provide a way to pass into living cells. Some species are mainly soil saprophytes that acquire the ability to absorb keratinized particles and develop so that they are able to parasitize the keratin tissues of animals.
The term "dermatophytosis" is used to describe the infection by members of the microsporum, trichophytes and epidermophytes. The species that most often cause onychomycosis -red trichophyte, trichophyte mengophitist and formed epidermophyte (pathogen of the epidermophitosis): the first two are much more involved as causal factors.
Only one red trichophyte is responsible for more than 80% of onychomycosis. Skin, hair, infection of the nails with incomplete shapes (wanderer and scopularipsis) are called "dermatomycosis". Both dermatophytes and incidents have been identified as the only etiological agents of onychomycosis.
The infection begins with the discoloration and deformity of the nails, which causes pain and complicates their hairstyle. In patients with complicating factors, this leads to damage to the surrounding tissues, may contribute to a secondary bacterial infection.
Moreover, recent studies have revealed the psychological, social and professional consequences of a condition that seems to have been underestimated by healthcare experts in the treatment of this condition.
Doctors note that nail fungus is a common problem that can affect people of all ages. The main symptoms include a change in the color of the nails, their thickening and gloom. Experts emphasize that an important aspect of treatment is early diagnosis, as advanced cases may require longer and more complex treatment. It is recommended that doctors use both topical and systemic antifungal drugs, depending on the degree of damage. In addition, they focus on the need to comply with hygiene norms and preventative measures, such as wearing comfortable shoes and using individual leg care. It is also important to remember that fungi can be transmitted from person to person, so common baths and showers should be avoided.
How to treat nail fungus?
Statistics Fungal nail damage is the subject of 5 to 15% of the population. With age, the spread of the pathological process increases to about 30% after reaching 65 years. However, it is worth noting that the fungus is often found in children.
Approximately every 10 years the incidence rate increases 2, 5 times. At the same time, in childhood it is only 3%, while among the adult population it reaches 60%.
Unlike women, men are more affected than men. In addition, the pathological process 3-7 times more often affects the lower limbs of the upper.
All varieties of parasitic mushrooms are combined into 3 groups.
Scraping to skin fungus
The sponge lesion is one of the most common pathologies that belongs to skin diseases.
In 80% of patients, the disease develops against the background of dermatophyte reproduction.
The explosive parasites are 5 times more checkered to be localized to the nails of the hands. Milled mushrooms are the most common species.
In people with diabetes mellitus, the incidence of incidence is 3 times higher. In 90% of people with psoriasis, the likelihood of infection also increases by 2 times.
Reasons A risk factor is contact with the source of infection. For example, the trichophytic Verrucosum, evolving by ancestors living in the soil, infects farmers, farm workers, veterinarians. It is transmitted through direct contact or bites, although cases of infection obtained in the laboratory have been reported.
Several factors, unique to modern life, have led to the spread of onychomycosis. These include:
Wearing tightlyshoeshigh heels; Commonwetpremises (such as shower and changing rooms); Worseningagingpopulation; Increasing the number of people with weakenedimmunityDue to diseases (eg HIV infection); Therapeuticagents (immunosuppressants, therapy after surgery, use of broad spectrum antibiotics); straightinjurynails, including certain tick disorders (biting nails); Geneticpredisposition. Treatment of fungi with laser nails
Laser therapy for nail fungus is an effective hardware method that helps to accelerate recovery.
True fungal infections are found on the toenails much more often than on the nails of the toes. This is due to the fact that they are the subject of greater friction and sweating. Socks and shoes contribute to a dark and moist fungal environment.
Causes may include poor peripheral blood circulation, diabetes, repeated nail injury, inability or unwillingness to cut the toenails and maintain proper care for them. The risk is increased with age and through the underlying nail disease.
Many people face the problem of nail sponge and their opinions are very diverse. Some claim that this is not only an aesthetic problem, but also a serious illness that requires a careful approach. Many share their experience in treatment by talking about various drugs and folk remedies. Some note that the fungus can return even after successful treatment, which causes disappointment and fear of re -infection. Others emphasize the importance of prevention, consulting the monitoring of hygiene and avoiding public places with high humidity. In general, the discussion of nail fungus is often accompanied by tips and recommendations, which shows its spread and relevance of the problem in society.
Nail fungus. Treating a neglected form of nail fungus
Types The spread of nail fungus varies worldwide due to several cultural and socio-economic factors. Namely, it depends on the geographical ratio, the population, mycological characteristics and the diagnostic methods used.
Four types of onychomycosis have been identified, characterized by a clinical manifestation and an invasion pathway.
A distal and lateral submarine onychomycosis It is observed in most cases and is almost always due to dermatophytic infection. It acts on hyponichia, often at the edges of the sides, spreading proximally along the nails, leading to sub -hepard and onhilolysis, although the nails were not initially affected.
It can be limited on one side and spread to the side, covering the entire nail and progressing steadily until it reaches the back roller nail roller.
In the end, the nail plate is loosened, it can be separated, often due to injury, although the most likely destruction is associated with an invasion of dermatophytes that have keratolytic properties. Examining surrounding skin almost always reveals signs of dermatophytosis.
Surface white onychomycosis This is a dermatophytic infection caused by Trichophyton Mentagrofitest. The more common type affects the surface of the nail plate, which acquires a whitish color and noticeably exfoliating (but onycholysis is not a characteristic of onhiomycosis).
It happens that a misdiagnosis can be made when taken for "keratin granules" (nail polish reaction). In order to confirm, it is necessary to carry out a laboratory test.
Proximal tray onychomycosis A rare form of dermatophytic infections, often associated with interconnectedness. The pathogenic fungus invades the nails of the eponichia and the nail matrix. It is found in immunosuppressive patients.
Candidiasis onychomycosis Another name is the nail infection with Candida yeast classified by:
chronicParonichiawith secondary nail dystrophy; chronicCandidiasismucosa membrane; Distalinfectionnails; secondaryCandidiasis. Nail fungus prevention
The fungus of the toenails and legs is an infectious disease caused by pathogenic bacteria.
Distal yeast infection is rare (in patients with Raynaud's disease or other form of vascular failure).
Chronic paronychia is found under harsh conditions. The swelling of the back folding of the nails is secondary to a chronic wet condition. The cuticle separated from the nails loses waterproof properties. The microorganisms penetrate the subcutaneous space, provoking the swelling of the posterior fold.
Chronic mucosal candidiasis covers the mucous membranes, which is caused by a decrease in cellular immunity. Clinical signs vary depending on the severity of immunosuppression, in severe cases there is a complete thickening of the nail.
Secondary candidal onychomycosis occurs due to a number of nail diseases, mainly psoriasis.
Common dystrophic onychomycosis is used to describe the nail disease in the last stage, although some clinicians consider it a separate subtype. This can be the end result of each of the four main models of onhomycosis.
Symptoms The most common symptoms of fungi are the prolongation of the nail and the change in its color in white, black, yellow or green. As the infection progresses from the initial stage to the neglected form, it becomes fragile, the pieces are detached from it. If you do not cure, then the skin under the nail and around is inflamed, injured or peeled. There is an unpleasant odor.
Onychomycosis in patients with weakened immunity is a very serious health problem. Not only a severe infection serves as a constant reminder of the patient of his or her own poor condition, but there is a possibility of transferring another person's fungal pathogens.
Diagnostics The clinical presentation of deformed nails should warn the doctor about the possibility of onhomycosis. But since mushrooms are the cause of only half of all lesions, it is necessary to carefully identify the signs and symptoms of other diseases that simulate onychomycosis and differentiate different etiologies.
These include psoriasis, lichen, bacterial infections, contact dermatitis, traumatic onychestrophy, congenital pahioniya, yellow nail syndrome, idiopathic onycholysis. Multiple nail injury can lead to distal onholis - colonization of the damaged area with microorganisms that produce its pigmentation.
The use of appropriate diagnostic methods includes:
Grease,Potassium treated with potassium hydroxide; choicefungi crops (from the selected material: curettage or nail fragment); Histology. The first step in the sampling process is a thorough cleaning of the nail area from alcohol for pollutants (bacteria). As the places of invasion and localization of infections vary in the types of onhomycosis, different approaches are practiced to obtain optimal samples depending on the alleged diagnosis.
Treatment The main purpose of treatment is to destroy the body demonstrated by microscopy and culture. Clinical improvement - secondary and based on a strict nail anomalies assessment system.
It is important to admit that the successful destruction of the sponge does not always lead to the proper shape of the nails as they can be deformed to infection.
The main treatments are relevant or oral antifungal drugs:
LacquersThey consist of a fungi effective amount of antifungal agent in a transparent, stable, film environment. When applied to the nails, the composition provides a solid, transparent, waterproof film. OrallyPreparations that enter the blood directly and, moving through the liver, increase the likelihood of solving the problem. However, they have side effects, can cause negative reactions in combination with other medicines. The main task is how to determine mycosis and provide appropriate treatment. At this stage, some relevant drugs are in the process of development and testing. Those offered on the pharmaceutical market are not able to provide a full guarantee in treatment.
In order to overcome the limitations of traditional compositions, an effective system is required that can deliver antifungal agents deep into the nail.
For example, chemical (keratolithic) processing of the affected area, which obviously improves results. Keratolytic agents, such as papain, urea and salicylic acid, are used to enhance the penetration of antifungal drugs.
Prevention They are all close to see their nails and can quickly recognize any changes. Even with a fungal infection, it is recommended that preventative measures are recommended. After daily washing, the feet are thoroughly wiped, especially drying between the fingers.
It is preferable to wear cotton socks, use good powder or foot spray. The nails should be kept neatly trimmed. Both manicure and pedicure can be useful and sometimes allows you to really get rid of organisms (in the initial stage of infection).
Over the last decade, significant success has arisen in the development of effective and safe drugs, but the nail fungus will probably remain a disease of modern civilization, which is difficult to get rid of. Environmental conditions that contribute to this are related to life expectancy and the increasing number of people with weakened immunity.
Perhaps the most important task today is the exact diagnosis of the causal agent, which allows the choice of optimal antifungal drug, the spectrum of the activity of which covers the infection of microorganism.
Answer What is the most effective medicine for nail fungus? The active substance of naphthifin hydrochloride quickly penetrates the lesion, destroys pathogenic microorganisms at the cellular level. The nail solution and elbow contains amroolphin hydrochloride.
How to remove nail fungus at home? One or twice a week is recommended to make foot baths in warm (37-38 degrees Celsius) with the addition of sea salt (100 g) or a pinch of citric acid (50 g per 5 liters of water). Because the fungus is afraid of the acidic environment, such therapy helps to reduce the amount of fungal cells on the skin of the feet and on the nails.
What are the fungus of nails afraid of? What are the fungus of nails afraid of? Onychomycosis does not like the exposure to baking salt, hydrochloric solutions, hydrogen peroxide, exposure to temperature above 60 degrees.
Is it possible to cure nail and soda fungus? Often, nail fungus uses vinegar, soda, iodine, celandine or herbal infusions. However, these funds can only solve the surface problem. If the fungus has already entered bed and the nail matrix, folk methods will be useless. On the contrary, they often cause inflammation, irritating soft tissues.
Advise Council No. 1 Spend the condition of your nails regularly. Take a look at the changes in the color, texture and shape of the nails. Early detection of fungi will help you avoid spreading it and facilitate treatment.
Council No. 2 Dry legs. The fungus prefers a wet environment, so try to wear breathing shoes and change socks as often as possible, especially after physical activity or in hot weather.
Council No. 3 Avoid public places with high humidity, such as saunas, pools and changing rooms. If you still need to go there, use special protective shoes or slippers to minimize the risk of infection.
Council No. 4 Contact the doctor at the first signs of the fungus. Do not self -self, as improper treatment can worsen the problem. A specialist will be able to prescribe effective medicines and make recommendations for nail care.
